Dinamika Perkembangan Seni Karawo Gorontalo
Main Article Content
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Seni Karawo merupakan seni ornamen tekstil tradisional yang unik dan berkembang dinamis. Dinamika perkembangan seni Karawo diduga terjadi melalui fase-fase tertentu dan dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap fase-fase perkembangan seni karawo serta faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, telaah dokumen, dan studi pustaka. Data dianalisis secara interaktif melalui tahap reduksi data, display data serta pembahasan, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, dinamika perkembangan seni karawo dengan berbagai faktor yang memengaruhi terjadi melalui lima fase, yaitu: 1) seni karawo sebagai aktivitas berkesenian dipengaruhi oleh daya kreativitas kreator, kebutuhan keindahan, dan sulam kristik; 2) seni karawo sebagai kegiatan adat dipengaruhi oleh kerumitan seni karawo, kehormatan keluarga dan legitimasi adat; 3) seni karawo sebagai komoditas dipengaruhi oleh keunikan dan keindahan seni karawo, desainer motif, dan kepentingan ekonomi; 4) seni karawo sebagai identitas budaya dipengaruhi oleh keunikan seni karawo dan rasa kesukuan; dan 5) seni karawo sebagai budaya massa (budaya populer) dipengaruhi oleh keunikan dan keindahan seni karawo, kebutuhan ekonomi, media massa, dan popularitas daerah.
Kata kunci: seni karawo, faktor internal dan eksternal, dinamika perkembangan.
ABSTRACT
Karawo Art is a unique and dynamic traditional textile ornament art. The dynamics of the development of Karawo’s art are thought of occurred through certain phases and were influenced by various factors. This study aims to reveal the phases of the development of karawo art and the factors that influence it. The research uses qualitative methods. Data is collected through interviews, observation, document review, and literary study. The data are analyzed interactively through the stages of data reduction, data display and discussion, and drawing conclusions. The results show that the dynamics of karawo art development with the various influencing factors occurred through five phases, namely: 1) karawo art as an artistic activity is influenced by creator’s creativity, the beauty needs, and cross stitching; 2) karawo arts as customary activities are influenced by the complexity of karawo art, family honor and customary legitimacy; 3) karawo art as a commodity is influenced by the uniqueness and beauty of karawo art, motives designer, and economic interests; 4) karawo art as a cultural identity is influenced by the uniqueness of karawo art and ethnicity; and 5) karawo art as a mass culture (popular culture) is influenced by the uniqueness and beauty of karawo art, economic needs, mass media, and regional popularity.
Keywords: karawo art, internal and external factors, development dynamics
Downloads
Article Details
Copyright
Authors who publish with Gelar: Jurnal Seni Budaya agrees to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
References
Abdussamad, Kadir. Empat Aspek Adat Daerah Gorontalo. Gorontalo: Pemda Tingkat II Gorontalo Bekerja Sama Dengan FKIP Univ. Sam Ratulangi di Gorontalo, 1985.
Bank Indonesia Kantor Gorontalo.”Pengembangan Kerajinan Sulaman Karawo.” Dokumen, KBI Gorontalo, 2011.
Chamaz, Kathy. “The Power and Potential of Grounded Theory.” A Journal of the BSA MedSoc Group 6, No. 3: 1-15, 2012.
Departemen Perindustrian Kabupaten Gorontalo. “Apa Itu Sulaman Karawo Gorontalo.” Dokumen, Kandep Perindustrian Kabupaten Gorontalo, 1993.
Dharsono. “Pencitraan Seni: Produk Kreatif Pada Lembaga Pendidikan Seni sebagai Modal/ Aset untuk Membangun “Brand Image.” Prosiding Seminar Nasional Perguruan Tinggi Seni dalam Era Ekonomi Kreatif, Surakarta: ISI Press Bekerja Sama dengan Program Pascasarjana ISI Surakarta, 2012.
Disperindag Provinsi Gorontalo. “Berkas Pengajuan Hak Paten Seni Karawo.” Dokumen Kantor Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Provinsi Gorontalo, 2006.
Domili, Burhanudin, Domili, Burhanudin, Maria E. Tangkllisan, dan Agustinus Walukow..Kerajinan Sulaman Kerawang Masyarakat Sulawesi Utara. Manado: Direktorat Sejarah dan Nilai Tradisional, Proyek Pengkajian dan Pembinaan Nilai-Nilai Budaya Sulawesi Utara, 1996/1997.
Hall, Stuart. “Cultural Identity and Diaspora.” Dalam Identity : community, culture, difference, diedit olehJonathan Rutherford, 222-237. London:Lawrence & Wishart, 1990.
Hms/zam. “Promosikan Karawo Idris Berjalan Di Catwalk”, Gorontalo Post, Senin 20 Februari 2012.
Huberman, Michael A. dan Mattew B. Miles. “Manajemen Data dan Metode Analisis.” Dalam Handbook of Qualitative Research, diedit olehNorman K. Denzin dan Yvonna S. Lincon. Terj. Darianto, Badrus S. Fata, Abi, J. Rinaldi, 591-609. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2009.
Ibrahim, Idi Subandy. Budaya Populer Sebagai Komunikasi: Dinamika Popscape dan Mediascape Di Indonesia Kontemporer, Yoyakarta: Jalasutra, 2007.
Niode, Alim S. dan Elnino. Abad Besar Gorontalo. Gorontalo: Presnas Publising, 2003.
Niode, Alim S. Gorontalo: Perubahan Nilai-Nilai Budaya dan Pranata Sosial. Jakarta: PT Pustaka Indonesia Press,2007.
Smiers, Joost. Arts Under Pressure. Terj. Umi Haryati. Yogyakarta: Insist Press, 2009.
Sudana, I Wayan, T. Slamet Suparno, Dharsono, Guntur. “Aesthetic Values of Ornaments in Karawo Textile in Gorontalo.” Arts and Design Studies, Vol 68, 1-9, 2018.
Sumarauw, Magdalena J., Salmin Djakaria, dan Lily E.N. Saud. Keberadaan dan Fungsi Seni Karawo Pada Masyarakat Gorontalo. Manado: Balai Pelestarian Sejarah dan Nilai Tradisional, 2010.
Suparno, T. SlametPakeliran Wayang Purwa Dari Ritus Sampai Pasar. Surakarta: ISI Press Solo, 2009.
Usman, Azhari. “Motif dan Warna Khas Gorontalo.” Dokumen Disperindag Kab. Gorontalo, 2005.
Walker, John A. Design History and the History of Design. London: Pluto Press, 1989.